图像边缘检测经典算法研究综述

边缘检测是图像处理领域中的基本课题.本文就图像边缘检测的具体内容及几种传统的图像边缘检测方法进行了综述.分析了各种边缘检测算子的特点,并对它们的检测效果进行了分类比较.提出了该研究领域还存在的问题及发展趋势.     

制定我国节水法的必要性和可行性研究

节水法,顾名思义是为节约用水提供保障的法律,新中国成立以来,我国也进行了关于水资源保护的立法,对水资源的保护起到了必要的促进作用。但是,随着我国工业化进程的加快及一些不可预知的自然灾害,致使水资源紧缺状况加剧,现有法律制度在水资源保护方面已显得力不从心。为顺应我国全面建设节水型社会的内在要求,对建立节水法的必要性和可行性进行研究就显得十分必要。     

驻藏大臣有泰小议

光绪二十九年,藏事告急之际,有泰接任驻藏大臣一职。有泰受命之始,曾到许多部衙咨询藏事,大有世受国恩,立誓办好西藏事务之志。然而,当他到达成都后,接触到在川省的大批官员,其中有些是曾在西藏和在川边任满返回的官员,具体得知西藏危机的形势和进藏路途的艰辛生活,特别是川省官员对当时朝廷腐败、贿赂盛行颇多议论。继而,有泰的政治态度由立志报国逐渐转向颟顸误国。     

Surface pollen assemblages of human-disturbed vegetation and their relationship with vegetation and climate in Northeast China

Pollen assemblages of 53 surface pollen samples from farmlands and wastelands in Northeast China were analyzed. Tree pollen percentages were usually higher than 30%, with Pinus (26.9%), Quercus (0.9%), Betula (0.9%) and Populus (0.7%) as the major types, and herb pollen percentages were usually higher than 50%, with weedy Poaceae (8.7%), Chenopodiaceae (7.1%), Artemisia (1.9%) and Compositae (3.5%) as the major taxa. Thus, the pollen assemblages were consistent with the regional vegetation compositions. However, there were differences in pollen assemblages among regions, especially among different geomorphological units. For example, in the mountains, there were more types of tree pollen and higher total percentages (average 42%) than in other areas, while cereal pollen percentages were lowest (11.2%). In the hills and high plains, herbs made up more than 60% of the pollens, with cereals (average 53.6%) the dominant type. In the low plains, pollen types were similar to those in the hills and high plains, but total pollen concentrations and the proportion of Concentricystes were much higher, while cereal pollen percentages were slightly lower (average 41.6%). Pollen assemblages in different land use types also differed. For example, in farmland, cereal pollen percentages were more than 40% and Chenopodiaceae was usually less than 2.5%, while in wasteland, weedy Poaceae was usually less than 10% and Chenopodiaceae was usually higher than 25%. Total pollen concentrations in farmland (average 3909 grains/g) were much lower than in wasteland (average 15074 grains/g). Redundancy analysis revealed that pollen assemblages were significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (-0.73) and July mean temperature (-0.81) and significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (0.48), indicating that pollen assemblages in the artificial or human-disturbed vegetation reflect regional climate well. Comparison of pollen assemblages in different areas of northern China showed that pollen concentrations reflect the intensities of human impact to some degree. For example, pollen concentrations decrease as human impacts increase in intensity. The cereal pollen proportions in farmland differed by area. In Northeast China, cereal pollen proportions were distinctly higher than in most other areas of northern China, suggesting differences in planting habits and climate.     

基于灰色生灭过程的可修部件备件需求预测模型

可修部件的失效率和修复率在服役周期内呈现不确定性,基于确定型失效率和修复率建模的生灭过程,在解决可修部件备件预测问题存在一定局限。以区间灰数表征可修部件的失效率与修复率,构建灰色状态转移矩阵,建立基于灰色生灭过程可修部件备件需求预测模型,研究了基于灰色生灭过程的无记忆性和预测模型稳态解的存在条件,一定程度上揭示了失效率和修复率不确定背景下的可修系统备件需求规律。实际案例研究验证了模型的有效性和实用性。     

"蒲丰投针"问题的数学实验的设计

本文设计了蒲丰投针的数学实验,通过设计实验培养学生的分析能力和创造能力,加强素质教育的实施.     

高炉探尺全数字直流调速系统

介绍了全数字直流调速装置SIMOREGK6RA24在高炉探尺系统中的运用，该系统具有控制精度高，组态方便，调试简单，故障率低等优点。     

美国花菜的营养成分分析

分析美国花菜的主要营养成分，证明其含有丰富的维生素和微量元素，是一种营养丰富的天然保健食品。     

芬顿与活性炭协同处理含酚废水的试验研究

对芬顿试剂和活性炭协同处理含酚废水的处理效果进行了研究,主要考察了过氧化氢的投加量、硫酸亚铁的投加量、pH值、吸附时间以及吸附温度等对处理效率的影响。试验结果表明,最佳处理条件是过氧化氢(30%)的投加量为2mL/L,硫酸亚铁的投加量为2g/L,pH值为5,吸附时间为30m in,吸附温度为30℃,此时COD去除率为86.82%,色度去除率为68.59%,SS去除率为64.31%。     

考虑环境因素影响的悬索桥整体状态预警方法

基于长期监测数据并采用主成分分析方法建立了润扬大桥悬索桥实测模态频率的环境条件归一化方法,有效地分离了环境因素变化对模态频率的影响,并在此基础上联合应用欧氏距离判别函数和假设检验方法识别模态频率的异常变化.分析表明,该方法可以识别出悬索桥模态频率0.1%的异常变化,具有较强的损伤敏感性,并且不需要监测环境因素变量,适用于悬索桥结构的在线监测与预警.此外,实测分析表明,悬索桥整体状态预警应选择非线性主成分分析方法并采用高阶模态频率作为监测参数.